Public Budgeting- Revenue Sources

Three income sources out in the open planning Property Tax: Property expense can be characterized as a toll that the administration issues on a person’s property. The worth surveyed to the property is burdened. Income of neighborhood governments like urban areas and provinces are gotten from property charges. The income is utilized for organization in government and costs concerning law authorization, paramedics and so forth ; and furthermore to finance courts in neighborhood governments and aides for the installment of administrations which incorporate metro habitats, network programs, libraries, parks and diversion, and schools.Property charges are additionally frequently used to pay some state projects, for example, Medicaid (in New York for instance) and furthermore to give open help, for example, help to penniless family (TANF), kid government assistance administrations and other social administrations, for example, upheld business, grown-up defensive administrations, agg ressive behavior at home and individual consideration help. This income can likewise be followed in open wellbeing like in adolescent confinement, probation administrations and different commands (remedies/area prison, law library in region prison, staffing for state and region court, arraignment administrations, junior colleges and so on. ).Property charge income can be followed from numerous points of view, it relies upon each state yet all states for the most part utilize these incomes to subsidize nearly similar projects. Intergovernmental Revenue: Intergovernmental income is the assets acquired from different governments. These assets for the most part incorporate awards, charges which are shared, and unexpected advances and advances. Here, subsidizing radiates from all administrations (bureaucratic, state and neighborhood governments). â€Å"Financial game plans for subsidizing and conveying intergovernmental administrations can be perplexing as indicated by the inconstancy o f government structure, association, jobs and responsibilities.For model, government support concerning rudimentary and optional schools incorporates direct assets from the national government that are gone through state and nearby governments to neighborhood instructive agencies† (www. gao. gov). There are likewise reserves assigned to take care of expenses for basic and auxiliary training, these assets remember the lease for school structures for instance. Charges for administrations: Charges for administrations are characterized as customers’ charges and others charges originating from legislative and business exercises. Charges for administrations inside the legislative exercises class incorporate things, for example, licenses and allows (for instance, permits to operate and constructing grants), fines and relinquishes, and working extraordinary evaluations some of the time charged for administrations gave outside the ordinary assistance territory or past the typica l degree of administrations. Charges to different governments for administrations, for example, imprisonment of detainees likewise are accounted for in the Charges for Services column† (Kattelus and Reck, 2007).These charges incorporate different administrations rendered inside the states for instance park extra charges, archive expenses, court-filling charges and so on. It additionally infers any administration which buys, uses or advantages from merchandise and ventures gave. References Wilson, E. R. , Kattelus, S. C. , and Reck, J. L. (2007). Representing legislative and charitable elements. (fourteenth ed. ). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Irwin. http://www. gao. gov/unique. bars/longterm/state/intergovrevenue. html

Psychology †Sleeping Disorder Essay

A resting issue that was talked about in Module 7 was Narcolepsy. Numerous individuals around the globe are influenced by this issue an individual with such turmoil may go a whole day wanting to rest and continually feeling exhausted. Narcolepsy is characterized as a â€Å"Chronic issue that is set apart by extreme languor, for the most part as rest assaults or brief times of rest for the duration of the day. The rest assaults are joined by brief times of REM rest and loss of muscle control, which might be activated by huge passionate changes† (Plotnik 163). An individual with this issue will have an incredibly annihilate rest plan, which can truly prevent a person’s capacity to carry on with an ordinary way of life. Research has still yet to find a solid answer regarding what the fundamental driver of narcolepsy is, anyway researchers have discovered qualities emphatically connected with this issue. The quality that has been related with this issue helps control the creation of synthetic substances in the mind that potentially signal the rest and alert cycles in an individual. Scientists think if there is an insufficiency in the creation of the concoction called hypocretin by the mind then it might bring about narcolepsy. Narcolepsy) In relationship with this disclosure, it has additionally been found there are variations from the norm when the mind endeavors managing REM rest. With these anomalies with REM rest it is frequently observed that reactions likewise create. Symptoms of narcolepsy can be mellow to very intense. The most known reaction is over the top daytime drowsiness. An individual with narcolepsy isn't reliably getting an entire night of solid rest which thus prompts that individual being drained for the duration of the day. Narcolepsy has numerous different indications, yet one remarkable one is making the casualty nod off in wrong places. An individual could be busy, for example, cleaning or driving and simply nod off. This stances a serious issue as a result of wellbeing of themselves as well as other people becomes risked. With this issue still not completely comprehended it isn't effortlessly analyzed. A specialist may request a patient to keep a rest diary taking note of their rest example and side effects over a fourteen day time frame. An explanation it is hard to discern whether narcolepsy ought to be analyzed is on the grounds that a considerable lot of the side effects that appear with this issue are additionally present in a couple different clutters. Two tests must be finished to affirm a determination of narcolepsy. The first is the Polysomnogram which is a short-term test that quantifies an individual while they rest to report any variations from the norm. The second is a different rest dormancy test which is acted in the day to gauge a person’s propensity to nod off and furthermore quantifies to what extent it takes an individual to nod off. (What is Narcolepsy? ) While it might appear narcolepsy may not be that genuine, it can definitely change someone’s life. They can't carry on with an ordinary way of life since they might hurt themselves on the off chance that they nod off at an inappropriate time or spot. There is still no solution for this issue yet it is conceivable to control a portion of the side effects with tranquilize treatment. This issue generally influences one in each 3,000 individuals however is expressed as seriously underdiagnosed. Research is as yet occurring to discover as much data about the turmoil, so as to give those patients an incredible night rest, and an entire day of exercises.

Evaluation of Health & Social Care Research Methods Article Analysis - 1100 Words

Evaluation of Health & Social Care Research Methods: Article Analysis (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Professor:Subject:Date: Evaluation of Health Social Care Research Methods: Article AnalysisThe aim of this paper is to detail key methodologies used and evaluated their effectiveness in regard to drawing conclusion from the findings derived at using the methodologies. Additionally, the aim and objectives of the research will be looked at in order to ascertain whether they were achievable given the methodologies used and the results achieved. A credible research has to have quality of participants looked at. This should be in line with the characteristics of sampled participants and justification of the sample. Bryant (4) noted that data collection methods used plays an indispensable role in regard to ascertaining the kind of results to be obtained. The same case applies to data analysis technique used. This is arguably true because the analysis technique used determines the findings achieved. Critical appraisalThe main objective of the study was to explore how symptomatic patients with high cholesterol interpret the risk of cardiovascular disease. For this objective to be achievable, it is indispensable that the researchers consider the methods they will be using to achieve credible results. This includes selection of participants to take part in the study as well as the methods they will use in collecting data. For instance, sampling participants who have no history of high cholesterol instances would definitely not provide credible information that can give an overview of what patients with high cholesterol go through. Additionally, interviewing one or two participants where the population is vast would not provide informed information. In this regard, the study interviewed 14 participants with high cholesterol and with risk of cardiovascular disease. The participants were selected from general practitioners who worked with patients with high cholesterol. This was indispensable in that these practitioners had full information of their p atients as far as their conditions are concerned. However, the patients provided fulfilled the criteria of ensuring that they has high cholesterol and at high risk of cardiovascular disease, patients who had received information about cholesterol-reducing medication, and patients who had not manifested cardiovascular disease or symptoms. They were interviewed from their homes. Godwill (14) argued that interviews provide a platform on which in-depth scrutiny of the topic under investigation can be carried out. It is also apparent that follow up questions can be used to get more details of information provided using structured questions of interview guide. In light of this, this kind of data collection employed by the research was ideal in that the patients provided credible information that led to findings of the research. The interviewees were interviewed individually with interviews lasting between 1-2 hours. 12 out of the 14 interviewees reported to have used cholesterol reducing medication (Bryant 16). However, none of the interviewees had symptoms of cardiovascular disease by the time of the interview. The study also adhered to the ethical code of American Anthological Association. In regard to data analysis, an ethnographic approach was used to in support of interplay between theory, methods and data in regard to analytical process. The use of theory revealed that risk perceptions of patients at risk of future disease were eminent (Bryant 21). In fact, it was revealed that social theories helped framing semi-structured interview guide questions. Some of the themes noted include risk of cardiovascular disease, perception of the patients in regard to information they received from general practitioners, and response of family and friends after informing them about the risks outlined by general practitioners. On the other hand, results indicate that several participants suggested that high cholesterol was as a result of a lifestyle associated with fatty food s which was facilitated by lack of exercise. Nevertheless, most of the participants reported that they observed healthy eating during week days, but in some instances were compelled to use fatty foods during social events that required them to do so. For instance, some of these events include eating together with family as they enjoy each others company. Associations of fatty foods with traditions that recognize them as indispensable part of the tradition compels people at risk of developing cholesterol continue using them. In this regard, the risk associated with fatty foods was weighed against the pleasures associated with eating fatty foods during social and cultural events as traditions demands. However, most of the participants stressed the importance of cholesterol medication adding that there is a need to have individual responsibility of eating healthy foods and regular exercises. However, it was evident that the issue of high cholesterol and risk of cardiovascular was also associated with body and mind. Most participants argued that worry about high cholesterol would prop risk of cardiovascular disease. At the same time, high cholesterol was not found to maintain a balance in physiological and mental health. The analysis was carried out using identified themes that were approached from theoretical perspectives with the intent of strengthening and contextualizing the findings about risk (Godwill 25). In this regard, it can be argued that the themes identified were indispensable in ensuring that the results from the interview guide were focused in finding solutions detailed in every theme. For instance, the findings on the theme of risk of cardiovascular disease indicate that the participants were aware of risks involved by having high cholesterol as stipulated by general practitioners. The other theme involves the perception of patients in regard to information provided by the general practitioners. Participants indicate that although practitioners cla rified risks involved for having high cholesterol, their perception was that social and cultural factors played a key role, and which cannot be ignored because it is part of their tradition to enjoy fatty foods during social events. In light of this, it is apparent that analysis according to themes provided was ideal in that it helped gather information that would give comprehensive conclusion. Generally, results that are not theme derived tend to juggle with generalized information that can lead to uncertainty of conclusions. For instance, having results that focus on general questions without clear themes would lead to gap in the area of the study that would otherwise require more specific questions answered. In addition, it is important that any given research study have specific themes that addresses gaps that might have been left in previous studies on the same topic. Generalized results would be difficult in addressing specific gaps identified in previous studies. ConclusionIt is apparent that the article by Kirkegaard, P. et al is an evidence-based research article that offers credible details of methodological literature in relation to health and...

Frankenstein, By Mary Shelley - 1134 Words

Mary Shelley’s classic work, Frankenstein, has captured the imagination of readers for almost 200 years and has inspired numerous retellings and adaptations. Numerous depictions of Dr. Frankenstein and his Creature in plays, films, novels, comic books, television programs, and even video games have caused the familiar image of the lumbering giant to become embedded as one of the classic horror villains in the psyche of the average American. Most of these adaptations show the creature to be cruel, ignorant, and blood-thirsty by nature, but on examination of the original story there is ample evidence that the popular depiction of the creature is wrong. The creature does not enter the world bent on destruction, he is originally a kind,†¦show more content†¦The Creature is knows nothing but rejection from the very moment he is created. No sooner does the Creature breath his first breath than Victor declare his experiment to be a catastrophe and flee from his laboratory (Shelley)⠁  . To Victor the experiment was a terrible failure, a â€Å"frightening mistake that he wishes did not exist† (Hogsette)⠁  . According to Soyka, this rejection by a father, and a creator, can be compared to God s rejection of Satan in Milton s Paradise Lost. After experiencing this first, and perhaps greatest, rejection the Creature flees the confines of Frankenstein s house and finds himself alone in the forest outside the city. When the Creature later recounts this period of his life, he remembers very little other than the physical sensations he experienced at this stage. Light and dark, heat and cold are all he knows before he gains self-awareness. The first non-physical sensations he remembers on his evolution toward self-consciousness are the feelings of loneliness and fear (Gardner)⠁  . In this state of being the mind is like a blank slate, all of his emotions and motivations are innocent and child-like with no evil intentions or malice toward any one. The

Personal Finance Planning The Financial Management

Personal Finance Planning Introduction Personal Finance is the financial management which an person or a family unit performs to spending plan, spare, and invest fiscal assets over time, considering different monetary risks and future life events (Salohalla, 2011). Like many people, you have seeks and dreams and life objectives after yourself and your crew. These might incorporate purchasing a home or business, putting something aside for school instruction for your youngsters, taking a fantasy get-away, decreasing duties and taxes, retiring serenely. Financial planning is the procedure of astutely dealing with your funds so you can accomplish your fantasies and objectives while in the meantime offering you some assistance with negotiating the budgetary boundaries that definitely emerge in each phase of life (Finke, 2011). As sound financial prosperity and better way of life is picking up need amongst people, the individual financial planning is progressively turning into a decent practice if not as of now a need. Truth be told, a sound individual financial arrangement permits individual to be aware of courses in which they manage financial matters. It is a way to manage an individual s financial choices and highlight the consequences of such choices on different territories of one s accounts. An average way to deal with individual financial planning includes compelling usage of investment funds to aggregate riches, trailed via watchful protection of such riches againstShow MoreRelatedPersonal Finance : The Management Of Funds Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesIndian finance is just the management of funds. With the general areas of financial services in India being business finance, personal finance, and public finance, finance in India is really comprehensive. Personal finance is entirely related to the application of finance principles, thereby helping an individual to make necessary monetary decisions. Individuals or families through this, obtain, budget, save, and spend resources (entirely monetary) taking into consideration the associated financialRead MoreWhat Family Offices Are All About And The Services They Provide1604 Words   |  7 PagesFinancial advisory firms have become popular among affluent individuals and families. Whilst there are a number of options available for wealthy families, many choose to go down the route of starting a family office. This guide will examine what family offices are all about and the services they provide. We’ll also look into the benefits of using a family office and the risks involved in setting up a family office. What is a family office? You might be surprised to hear that family offices haveRead MorePersonal Financial Planning1579 Words   |  7 PagesADM 3445 (FR01B) Personal Financial Planning Course Outline Instructor: E. Otuteye Term: Winter 2012 Office: SH 362 Day(s): W Phone: 506 458-7354 Time: 7:00-9:50pm Email: otuteye@unb.ca Classroom: SH 161 Office hours: Th, F 2:00 – 3:00; by appointment; also, usually available immediately after class. COURSE OBJECTIVE AND DESCRIPTION: The objective of this course is to introduce students to 1. the fundamental principles of financial decision-making; and Read MoreAssessment of Personal Financial Wellness of Teachers1115 Words   |  5 PagesProper financial education is an important part of life because it affects virtually every aspect of it. Everyone will likely someday face a difficult financial situation, whether large or small, that requires time and money. Having a good understanding of daily cash inflows and outflows in personal finances will help make tough situations less stressful and easier to handle. Cash (1996) Among five risk stressors in life ( relationships, work, health , crime/violence, amp; personal finance), personalRead MorePursuing A Career As A Financial Planner Essay1652 Words   |  7 PagesCareer as a Financial Planner Intro There so many careers out there, who in the world can pick just one. That’s what’s been weighing on my mind heavily is what career is right for me. I’ve thought of a couple that interest me but I want to find out everything there is to know about a financial planner. The reason that I’m interested in this field is how everything is the same when it comes to the actually math behind the career. Also I like to deal with people and money so a job as a financial plannerRead MorePersonal Statement : Personal Finance1607 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Finance Personal finance decision is a very important decision as it involves management of day-to-day finances of an individual or his family. Personal finance includes not only obtaining, budgeting, saving, and spending monetary resources over time but also taking into account various financial risks and future life events. It includes all activities which an individual is concerned about like investment, insurance, tax, debt servicing, mortgages etc. Financial planning involves analysingRead MoreAn Interview With A Executive Officer1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the highest-level of management within an organization. The CEO oversees all the lower-level employees and the other senior executives such as the Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Therefore, the CEO provides leadership to the CFO and all the other top-level executives in order, to build and implement an effective financial and strategic plan for the organization. As a result, the strategic and fin ancial plans must be aligned with the organization s mission and/orRead MoreTop 6 Personal Finance Software for Small Business Owners Essay examples881 Words   |  4 PagesTop 6 Personal Finance Software for Small Business Owners A personal finance software lets you track your budget, costs, and your overall finances. It can give you a clear picture of where your money is going. A personal finance software gives you a clear idea where your money is going, and where it has been through graphs and report. If you are planning for your financial future, reports provided by these tools are very useful. With a personal finance software, you can now have a complete analysisRead MoreFinancial Knowledge And Its Effects On Financial Management1617 Words   |  7 Pagesevaluating people’s financial management, it is easy to find that financial knowledge produce significant effects on the effectiveness of people’s financial behaviors. On the one hand, the level of people’s financial knowledge will affect their financial investment and financial management. Chen and Volpe surveyed 924 college students to examine their financial literacy and the relationship between financial literacy and student’s characteristics. They found that the level of personal financial literacy couldRead MoreWealth Management Is The Process Of Meeting The Needs Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesWHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT WEALTH MANAGEMENT Wealth management is the process of meeting the needs and wants of affluent clients by providing financial products and service. Since ancient Roman senators hired financial advisers to lend out their money, people with wealth have needed someone to manage it. High-net-worth individuals thus call upon wealth managers to help them develop strategies of how to effectively manage their wealth. The term wealth management started in 1933 and came into more

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee free essay sample

The story has a first person point of view, with narration by Scout. She tells what she saw, heard, and felt at the time, as well as interjecting her retrospective considerations on what happened. This has charmed millions of readers because of the juxtaposition of her young and naive self as opposed to her now experienced and cynical personality. 2. The plot introduced in the first paragraph was that Jem broke his elbow when he was almost thirteen. The story has a first person point of view, with narration by Scout. She tells what she saw, heard, and felt at the time, as well as interjecting her retrospective considerations on what happened. This has charmed millions of readers because of the juxtaposition of her young and naive self as opposed to her now experienced and cynical personality. The story has a first person point of view, with narration by Scout. She tells what she saw, heard, and felt at the time, as well as interjecting her retrospective considerations on what happened. This has charmed millions of readers because of the juxtaposition of her young and naive self as opposed to her now experienced and cynical personality. The story has a first person point of view, with narration by Scout. She tells what she saw, heard, and felt at the time, as well as interjecting her retrospective considerations on what happened. This has charmed millions of readers because of the juxtaposition of her young and naive self as opposed to her now experienced and cynical personality. 3. Simon Finch was the first of their ancestors to come to America, and Atticus was one of his descendents. Jean Louise, known as Scout, and her brother Jeremy Atticus, called Jem by everyone else, along with their cook Calpurnia. 4. Dill is an inventive confident boy from Mississippi who came to live with his Aunt Rachel in Maycomb each summer, right next door to Scout and Jem. He is rather short, and is labeled a â€Å"curiosity† by Scout. 5. Boo Radley, unknown to his father, was in a gang of sorts when he was young, and once almost got arrested. After this incident, his father locked him up inside the house and wasn’t allowed out, never seen again for fifteen years. It was later said that he stabbed his father with scissors, and various other rumors have come about, all heard from Miss Stephanie Crawford, the â€Å"neighborhood scold†. . a. Being Southerners, it was a source of shame to some members of the family that we had no recorded ancestors on either side of the Battle of Hastings. (pg 3) b. Maycomb County had recently been told that it had nothing to fear but fear itself (pg 6) c. nothing to buy and no money to buy it with†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pg 5) d. Maycomb was an old town, but it wa s a tired old town There was no hurry, for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy, and no money to buy it with, nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb County. (pg 5) e. The Radley Place was inhabited by an unknown entity the mere description of whom was enough to make us behave for days on end†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pg 6) 7. Miss Caroline, Scout’s new teacher, is upset that Atticus has already taught her how to read, and tells her to stop doing it. This makes her fear losing her reading time, and makes this statement. This relates to life in general because people never realize the value of things until they are threatened to be, or are, taken away. 8. The students in Scout’s class have worked in the fields ever since they were born, supposedly, and almost all had failed the grade and were repeating it again. 9. Scout learned that Miss Caroline did not know all of the family stereotypes of Maycomb yet, and explaining it to her made Scout sound accusing. 10. Burris Ewell is described as an extremely filthy human, and has â€Å"cooties†. He only comes to school on the first day, as the rest of his family does. He is similar to Walter Cunningham and Chuck Little because they are all very poor, and have to work a lot for their living. The difference though, is that Burris had a different upbringing, and does not act kind at all. 11. The simple trick that Atticus teaches Scout is that one should always consider situations from other perspectives. This relates to life because it is something one should do to make sure that a problem is solved fairly. Scout begins to learn that maybe she should try â€Å"climbing† into someone’s skin and walking around in it before judging them. 12. Scout’s first compromise is that she would go to school in exchange for continuing to read with Atticus in secret. 13. Atticus says that the Ewells made up an exclusive society, so sometimes the law could be bent for them. 14. Scout criticizes the education system of cheating her out of something and not accomplishing what the state had in mind for her. 15. I think that Boo Radley is leaving gifts for the children because of where they are found, and how Jem is looking at the Radley Place for a long time. 16. Scout wanted to quit playing the Radley game because she heard someone in the house laughing. 17. Miss Maudie was â€Å"a widow, a chameleon lady who worked in her flower beds in an old straw hat and men’s coveralls, but after her five o’clock bath she would appear on the porch and reign over the street in magisterial beauty. † (pg 42) 18. She means that people use the bible for their own agendas, making them dangerous, and worse than drunk. They forget that people should use God’s name in living a good life and helping others, but instead hurt others in the name of their God. 19. The statement that Scout is getting more like a girl everyday makes her finally go along with Jem’s plan. This idea of Scout coming of age yet not wanting to leave the company of her brother to go do more ladylike activities is a theme of the novel. 20. This shows that Jem values an open relationship with Atticus and that keeping secrets from him is not something Jem likes doing. 21. The condition of his pants frightened Jem because it seemed as though someone had been expecting him to return to the place to get them back. 22. The significance is that someone wanted to be friends with them, and was offering gifts as a means of contact of their friendship. 23. Mr. Nathan Radley fills the hole in the tree with cement because he says that the tree is dying. Jem cries about this because he understands that Boo’s brother has cut off his connection to the outside world and stopped his only chance at a friendship of sorts. We can infer that Boo Radley is kept in strict isolation by Mr. Nathan Radley, and that life in their household must be very miserable for Boo. 24. Atticus decides to keep the blanket incident a secret because he realizes that Boo does not wish to be known to the town or involved in the gossip, and respects that wish, as well as Boo Radley’s privacy. 25. Miss Maudie reacts to the destruction of her house by saying that she hated her old house and had wanted a bigger garden anyway. This shows that Miss Maudie has an optimistic character, and believes in making the best out of a bad situation. 6. a. When Scout gets into a fight with Cecil Jacobs because he said that Atticus â€Å"defends niggers† and later asks Atticus about it, he tells her not to use that word because it is common, and to use the term Negro instead. b. Atticus’ personal reasons for defending Tom Robinson were to uphold his sense of justice and respect from the town. c. Atticus means that even if one is facing defeat, they shouldn’t go down without putting out their best efforts and standing up for their morals and ethics. d. Scout thinks that if Atticus learns that she learned the curse words from school, she won’t have to go anymore; but Atticus doesn’t fall for her trick, and warns Uncle Jack to not mind what she says. e. When Atticus says this, he means that Uncle Jack should give a small answer which would suffice, rather than lie to the child or give a drawn-out, fully-detailed description of it. f. Atticus means to say that he does not understand why people don’t realize that Negroes are people too, and that there is more than one side to their case, as opposed to just being against them from the start without thinking.

Preschool Education free essay sample

Examines the pros and cons. Discusses the short and long-term effects on children, the role of parents and teacher, economics and examples. The age at which formal schooling should begin has been a subject of continuing debate. One side of the debate says that longitudinal research proves the benefit of preschool education, while the other side contends that early education serves the daycare needs of adults more than it does the needs of children. This paper will examine both sides of the debate from the above, and several other, angles. School age readiness continues to be at the forefront of educational debate because the number of young children in preschool has steadily increased over the past 20 years and is expected to continue to rise (DelCampo, 1995, p. 198). On the one hand, children have an innate curiosity and enjoy playing with other children from an early age. This fact indicates that preschool attendance is beneficial; on the other hand, however

Effect Divorce has on kids essays

Effect Divorce has on kids essays Does Divorce Hurt Kids? By Corliss Richards -75% to 80% of children of divorce are functioning well, with little long-term damage -Within two years of their parents' divorce, the vast majority of children are beginning to function reasonably well again. -70% of divorced parents are living happier lives than they did before divorce. -25% of children from divorced families have serious social, emotional or psychological problems, as opposed to 10% of kids from intact families. Families Changing Trends III edition. By Maureen Baker -Divorce brings about the separation of a child and a parent, usually the father Divorce commonly reduces the childs family income and sometimes erodes family assets. -Divorce can even trigger violence against the children(such as parental kidnapping) What Children learn from divorce. By Paul Amato -People who experience parental divorce while growing up face an elevated risk, in adulthood, of seeing their own marriages end in divorce. -Children whose parents divorce, compared with children whose parents remain married, have fewer -opportunities to learn positive social skills that facilitate close relationships and strengthen later marital stability. -Parental discord (in the absence of parental divorce) appeared to elevate children's thoughts of divorce, but children with discordant parents did not necessarily translate these thoughts into behavior. Following up on Children. By Mimi Avins -Kids have always faced hard times and they still grow up and do well. We don't want to make it sound like divorce is the end of the world for children. Families In Canadian Society. By Maureen Baker and Janet Dryden -Many researchers agree that the way children adjust to divorce is influenced by how their parents deal with it. -studies show that children from divorced families tend to have lower educational and socio-economic attainment. -Children of divorced parents tend to h...

The Civil Service Examinations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Civil Service Examinations - Essay Example This system was abolished in 1905 to adopt the science and technology-based curricula practiced by the western nations. This set it apart from the Song Dynasty exam system that followed Confucian classical methods. The Qin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty were both built around the same time i.e Qin around 221-208 BC and Chinese rulers’ controlled Han around 206BC-AD 220.Both Dynasties. Under this dynasties heir was no central political force in China and as such, the great nomad empires emerged such Liao and the great Mongol empires. Both tenures were characterized by ruthlessness and tyrannical demands on the people to pay heavy taxes and compulsory labor. These dynasties were effective in the sense that, during these periods there was relative peace in China. However, they both had weak military forces and were easily overrun by the nomadic tribes of the north. Both the Sui and the Tang Dynasty rulers’ were part nomads. These rulers’ were non-Chinese but their reign was considered Chinese. Both regimes were very successful in terms of commerce as the Sui were able to connect Yellow and Yangtze (Grand Canal) eastward waterways starting from Beijing to Hangzhou, thereby enabling nationwide commerce to thrive especially under the more prosperous Tang Dynasty. In addition, both Dynasties occurred after the reign of the Six Dynasties i.e. Sui from 589-617 AD and Tang from 618-907 AD(Ebrey, Walthall & Palais 2009 p89). These Dynasties were effective in the sense that they had stronger military’s that helped re-unify China and that there was an improvement in commerce in this periods. However, under these regimes, the citizens suffered tyranny from the government in the form of forced labor and heavy taxes. in addition, the costly and often disastrous military escapades in Korea combined with corruption, disloyalty, and assas sinations led to popular revolts resulting in the overthrow of the Sui dynasty.

HISTORY of western civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HISTORY of western civilization - Essay Example There were activists, propagandists and scientists in the Enlighteners who wanted to understand the world in a new insight and change it. The Enlightenment had its impact in France, Britain, Germany, Spain, Portugal, America, Italy and the Netherlands and resulted in great historical developments like the establishment of the United States of America and French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. The Enlightenment was not a single movement nor was it carried out by a unified group of individuals. Instead, it happened piecemeal and to have a clear idea of its impact on human life, one has to assess the history from the second half of seventeenth century to the beginning of eighteenth century. The beginning of Enlightenment is visible in the thinking of Francis Bacon who lived during the Renaissance period as he strongly supported pragmatic thought which was the basis of enlightenment. There was Benjamin Franklin who was an efficient statesman, scientist and political philosopher. He made two crucial scientific inventions; bifocal spectacles and lightning conductors as a scientist and also played a crucial role in the development of the new American Republic (Porter, 3). Another eminent Enlightener was the French philosopher and writer Denis Diderot who is famous as the editor of Encyclopedie. Giving up Roman Catholicism, he started philosophical materialism. Yet another prominent figure was Condorcet who argued that social ills take place not due to human nature, but due to ignorance and mistake. Another very important Enlightener is Voltaire who fought against the religious dogma of the time and vehemently supported social reform. Some others who had their role in this great revolution are Thomas Hobbes, Spinoza, Kant and Hegel. Montesquieu, d’Alembert, Turgot, the Britons, Locke, Hume and Gibbon, The Genevan, Rousseau, d’Holbach and Herder too were prominent influences in the movement. In the simplest possible terms, the aim of E nlightenment thinkers was to fight ignorance, superstition and despotism for the creation of a better world. As it was in eighteenth century, the main culprits that suppressed the free thinking of man, according to Enlighteners, were the Catholic Church and the hereditary aristocracy that existed all over Europe. An understanding of the social situation prevailed in Europe will show how urgent a social change was for them. The 17th century Europe was totally restless by wars in the name of religion and also in the name of imperial invasion. Both the church and the state were hand in hand in torturing people in the name of religion and state. Even the scriptures were twisted and used for the advantages of the church and the state. Those who tried anything against the state or religion were imprisoned or executed. From the above, it is clear that Enlightenment was the need of the time, which freed human mind from the dogmas of religion, which insisted that logic is the way to truth. I nstead, Enlighteners claimed that logic should be accompanied by reason, and that experience and experiment are the way to real truth. It is seen that Enlighteners were mainly against the dogmatism and irrationality present in Christianity. Enlightenment thinkers aimed mainly at the religion as it was the Catholic Church that chained the brain of people from thinking rationally. One of the earliest critics was Thomas Hobbes.

Choose an article or book chapter that has applied multivariate Essay

Choose an article or book chapter that has applied multivariate analysis to a research question. Explain the key issues that m - Essay Example Hair et al. (1994, p. 2) defined multivariate as analysis of several variables within a relationship or set of relationships. Hair et al. (1995, p. 13) explicit include multiple regression (a regression with one dependent variable and multiple independent variable) as an example of multivariate data analysis. Singh (2007, p. 177) share the same perspective of Hair et al. (1995) on a less restrictive definition of multivariate analysis. We study Kogid et al. (2010) and Shelleman et al. (2004) as illustrations of how multivariate analysis can be applied. 2.0. Kogid et al. (2010) As indicated in the abstract, the objective of the Kogid et al. (2010, p. 123) is to â€Å"investigate the factors that stimulate and maintain economic growth.† The factors investigated covered consumption expenditure, government expenditure, export, exchange rate, and foreign investments. The research focused on Malaysia and used data from 1970 to 2007. The specific multivariate statistic technique used by the Kogit et al. (2010) is technique known as â€Å"cointegration† and â€Å"causality approach†. Cointegration is discussed in Gujarati (2004, p. 822-826). Causality is discussed in Gujarati (2004, p. 696-702). One important test for causality is in Gujarati (2004, p. 696-702). According to Gujarati (2004, p. ... 822). Most tests of causations use tests of correlations. However, other tests go beyond correlation. One of such tests is the Granger causality test. Granger causality test actually test precedence and precedence is taken to be indicative of causality. Unfortunately, Gujarati (2004) does not record a capability of the Granger causality test to cover more than two variables at time (although it can be argued that the Granger causality test has that potential if a composite value covering several variables is constructed). In contrast, the Wald test as performed by Kogit et al. (2010) implies a capability of the Wald test to investigate relations of causation that involve more than two variables. Extensive search on the Wald Test conducted by this author in the books indicates that the Wald Test for causation is not yet discussed in many of the books. However, the works of Atinay and Karagol (2005), Burda (2001), No and Olatubi (2004), and Zarra and Zarea (2007) have good discussions on the Wald Test. The results of the study of Kogit et al. (2010) indicate that long-run cointegration and short-run causal relationship exists between the investigated factors and economic growth. The fundamental and important finding is all the factors investigated when combined can in their combination cause economic growth in the short-run. However, on their own, the individual regressions indicate that only consumption expenditure and export can on its own cause economic growth in the short-run. For brevity, we reproduce only the key test which is the causality test. The causality test is captured by Table 1. Table 1. Multivariate and Bivariate Causality Tests Using the Error Correction Model (ECM) Source: Table 3 of Kogit et

Essay on Internet Privacy - Cookies and Privacy on the Internet

Cookies: Privacy on the Internet?      Ã‚   Today, many web sites on the internet can use "cookies" to keep track of passwords and usernames and track the sites a particular user visits (Cookiecentral.com). But, the use of cookies to track user's browsing habits is becoming a concern of many internet users. These concerned people are beginning to think of cookies as an invasion of privacy. Companies with web sites can use cookies to track what sites you visit frequently and then select specific ad banners to send to you on the web while surfing (Cookiecentral.com). Electronic Frontier Foundation's program director, Stanton McCandlish points out, "The potential problem is that companies without a sense of ethics could be doing [the] same thing and selling addresses to offline marketers" (news.cnet.com). The government should realize the hazards of internet cookies and enforce a ban on their use.    For those not familiar with the internet type of cookie, http://www.cookiecentral.com/ provides the definition of a cookie and some of the ways they are used. The site states, "a 'cookie' is a small piece of information sent by a web server to store on a web browser so it can later be read back from that browser." When you visit a cookie-using site on the web, that site will save a small text file in your browser's folder or directory. This file will tell them who you are if you ever visit their site again. The site goes on to explain in more detail the different areas where a cookie can be used. The various tasks that can be performed by a cookie listed include online ordering, targeted marketing, user ID's, and site personalization. It is true that there are some beneficial uses of cookies. For example, personalizing a certain ... ... sites' cookies, these sites will not gain anything from you. If everyone were to stop allowing cookies on their personal computers, web sites would find that cookies do not benefit their business and would possibly stop using them. Tell others about any concerns you may have regarding cookies. You may educate someone about cookies that knew nothing before and help him or her understand why cookies are not an essential part of the internet.         Works Cited Cookies. <http://www.cookiecentral.com /news/0-1003-200-327461.html> (31 Oct. 1999). Privacy in the Digital Age. "Jerry Berman's Testimony". <http://www.cdt.org/testimony/Berman.test.House.5.27.99.shtml> (31 Oct. 1999). Shaking the Cookie Jar. "New Cookie Technology or Existing Cookie Technology Under Attack". <http://www.cookiecentral.com/dscprop.htm> (31 Oct. 1999).   

The War of Americans

Over the course of the last half-century the U. S. has enjoyed unprecedented power in every aspect whether it be politically, economically, militarily, or by any other means. In its dominance of world politics since WWII, the U. S. has been able to cast its influence around the globe. However, the U. S. experienced a gradual decline in its sovereignty over the course of this era as well. A prime example was in 1973 when OPEC raised oil prices drastically over the course of the next two years. â€Å"OPEC†s ability to increase at will the world price of its precious product highlighted the industrial world†s dependence on foreign sources of energy. (Keylor, p. 346) Being a sovereign nation requires not being subject to external forces, being able to conduct an independent foreign policy, and being able to control events within your own borders. Today, U. S. sovereignty continues to decline for a number of reasons. The only question is whether it is healthy or harmful for the U. S. to do so. The first reason why U. S. sovereignty is declining is due to what is known as interdependence. This phenomenon developed after WWII with the creation of the UN, GATT, the IMF and other such intergovernmental organizations. All of these served to create linkages between the major nations of the world in the postwar era. Membership in such organizations makes the U. S. subject to international law. Rosecrance†s identification of the trading state signifies the shift away from geopolitical influence and towards a global economy. Both the roles of international trade and foreign investment have increasingly become a greater element of U. S. economic importance. Additionally, the tying together of economies from around the world has lead to an increase in economic warfare. The increased use of economic sanctions and other such measures can be contributed to their perceived effectiveness in obtaining foreign policy goals. The U. S. integration into the world economy leaves it susceptible to the economic decisions of its trading partners and providers of raw materials. Reliance on import and export goods is an essential part of the U. S. economy. This can be seen in every day life. Just think about how much gas prices have increased recently as the result of a few nations restricting their oil supplies in order to raise prices. While the countries responsible for this could all be readily defeated by the U. S. in war, the U. S. is powerless to combat their practices. Aside from its place in the world market, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction also serves to limit the sovereignty of the U. S. First off, new nuclear powers, which would likely include a number of aggressive authoritarian states, will lack the resources to manage the elaborate command and control capabilities required. â€Å"Even if hostile countries somehow catch up in an arms race, their military organizations and cultures are unlikely to catch up in the competence race for management, technology assimilation, and combat command skills. (Betts, p. 29) In addition to proliferation of nuclear weapons, there is also wide concern among U. S. leaders about the spread and development of biological weapons. The rise of religious nationalism and anti-U. S. sentiments in nations such as Iraq give cause for concern to the U. S. that an attack using biological weapons is possible. â€Å"One simple fact should worry Americans more about biological than about nuclear or chemical arms: unlike either of the other two, biological weapons combine maximum destructiveness and easy availability. † (Betts, p. 32) Even more threatening to U. S. sovereignty is the treat of terrorist attack to our nation†s soil. The proliferation of the aforementioned weapons is worrisome to U. S. officials that a horrendous nuclear of biological terrorist attack is feasible. The possibility of such and attack places a serious hindrance on the U. S. ability to protect its citizens within its borders. Conspirators of such an attack could be based within the U. S. or abroad, which makes it increasingly difficult to guard against. Additionally, it is impossible to deter such a course of action. When a nation is attacked, the government behind the attack is readily identified and a counterattack can be undertaken. However, when it is unknown as to who is behind the attack, it makes it impossible to deter it from occurring since â€Å"retaliation requires knowledge of who has launched an attack and the address at which they reside. † (Betts, p. 34) Such concerns have increased since the end of the Cold War as there is widespread doubt surrounding the degree of control Russia used in disposing of their nuclear weapons. The information revolution also poses a serious threat to U. S. overeignty. The increasing opportunities for interaction through technological advances in communications and transportation make information more readily accessible. The strong reliance on the behalf of the U. S. on information infrastructure makes it vulnerable to attack. (Wriston, p. 179) â€Å"The smallest nation, terrorist group, or drug cartel could hire a computer programmer to plant a Trojan horse virus in software, take down a vital network, or cause a missile to misfire†¦ The United States† increasing reliance on massive networks may make it more, not less vulnerable. † (Wriston, p. 80) As with the problem of an armed terrorist attack, it is extremely difficult to determine who is responsible for a break-in of a private, supposedly secure, U. S. government web page. Fortunately, we have not yet witnessed any such form of information warfare; however, imagining the form it might take and protecting against it has become the preoccupation of a presidential commission and numerous task forces. (Wriston, p. 179) Despite the erosion of U. S. sovereignty, it is still by far the most powerful nation in the world today. I for one would welcome the erosion of U. S. overeignty since it furthers interdependence in world politics and serves to perpetuate world peace. The greater the economies of the world are intertwined, the less likely it is that a nation will go to war with another that it is linked to by a web of transnational relationships. It may also be in the best interests of the U. S. to lose some of its sovereignty since the world is moving towards civilizational entities (Western, African, Islamic, etc. ) as identified by Samuel Huntington. (Huntington) If he is correct in his prediction, then the U. S. is better off belonging to one of these civilizations rather than standing alone.

Male Abuse Is The Hidden Side Of Domestic Violence

Men don’t tell Male abuse is the hidden side of domestic violence. Representative sample surveys of the population show that abuse is a fifty-fifty proposition when it comes to intimate partner violence. The only exception to these figures is shown in the major national survey produced by the National Violence Against Women survey which found that thirty-six percent of the victims are male (Kimmell, 2001). The issue is not that men don’t tell, no one actually asks. Women on the other hand have the public knowledge that domestic violence occurs. They have shelters and crisis lines to seek help, and there is also someone who cares enough to ask. This equivalent does not exist for men because quite possibly of discrimination.†¦show more content†¦Since these accounts run counter to the stereotypes of male-female relationships, they usually take on the headline grabbing notion of a â€Å"man bites dog† story. Even the police these days are surpris ed by the number of women who are being charged with assault of their intimate partners. Concord, New Hampshire saw a 13% increase in arrest of women for domestic assault in a four year period. Vermont saw a seven percent increase in domestic violence charges filed against women during the same period. And Boulder, Colorado saw 25% of its domestic violence charges being filed against women (Kimmel, 2001). Research on gender symmetry as it relates to domestic violence has been greatly explored. Martin Fiebert (1997) found seventy-nine empirical studies and nearly twenty reviews of literature which supported gender symmetry amongst couples. Archer (2000) reviewed eighty-two studies that supported gender symmetry. In understanding domestic violence, we generally rely on two types of information. The â€Å"crime victimization studies,† which rely greatly on large-scale aggregate data on victimization, and â€Å"family conflict studies,† which provides measurements i n the prevalence of aggression between couples (Kimmel, 2001). These two data sources relay different rates of domestic violence, simply because they are measuring two different things. Crime Victimization Studies Information about crime victimization is gathered from a number of sources.